1. National Resources Council. Water reuse: potential for expanding the nation’s water supply through reuse of municipal wastewater. Washington (DC): National Resources Council; 2012. Google Scholar

2. Kolpin D, Furlong E, Meyer M, Thurman EM, Zaugg S, Barber L, Buxton H. Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams, 1999–2000: a national reconnaissance. Environ Sci Technol. 2002;36(6):1202–1211. Google Scholar

3. Southern California Coastal Research Project. Monitoring strategies for chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in California’s Aquatic Ecosystems. Technical Report 692. Costa Mesa (CA): Southern California Coastal Research Project; 2012. Google Scholar

4. Gros M, Petorvic M, Barcelo D. Development of a multi-residue analytical methodology based on liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) for screening and trace level determination of pharmaceuticals in surface and wastewaters. Talanta. 2006;70(4):678–690. Google Scholar

5. Vanderford B, Snyder S. Analysis of pharmaceuticals in water by isotope dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol. 2006;40(23):7312–7320. Google Scholar

6. Ternes T, Bonerz M, Schmidt T. Determination of neutral pharmaceuticals in wastewater and rivers by liquid chromatography–electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatog A. 2001;938(1–2):175–185. Google Scholar

7. Water Research Foundation. Evaluation of analytical methods for EDCs and PPCPs via interlaboratory comparison; WRF 4167. Denver (CO): Water Research Foundation; 2012. Google Scholar

8. Nelson E, Do H, Lewis R, Carr S. Diurnal variability of pharmaceutical, personal care product, estrogen and alkylphenol concentrations in effluent from a tertiary wastewater treatment facility. Environ Sci Technol. 2011;45(4):1228–1234. Google Scholar

1. Lopez de Alda MJ, Díaz-Cruz S, Petrovic M, Barceló D. Liquid chromatography–(tandem) mass spectrometry of selected emerging pollutants (steroid sex hormones, drugs and alkylphenolic surfactants) in the aquatic environment. J Chromatog A. 2003;1000(1–2):503–526. Google Scholar

2. Winslow SD, Pepich BV, Martin JJ, Hallberg GR, Munch DJ, Frebis CP, Hedrick EJ, Krop RA. Statistical procedures for determination and verification of minimum reporting levels for drinking water methods. Environ Sci Technol. 2006;40(1):281–288. Google Scholar

3. Technical Basis for the lowest concentration minimum reporting level (LCMRL) calculator; 815-R-11-001. Cincinnati (OH): Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 2010 [accessed 2014 Feb]. http://water.epa.gov/scitech/drinkingwater/labcert/upload/LCMRLSetup.zip. Google Scholar

4. Determination of hormones in drinking water by solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS/MS); Method 539, EPA-815-B-10-001. Cincinnati (OH): Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 2010. Google Scholar

5. Evaluation of analytical methods for EDCs and PPCPs via interlaboratory comparison; WRF 4167. Denver (CO): Water Research Foundation; 2012. Google Scholar

6. Vanderford B, Mawhinney D, Trenholm R, Zeigler-Holady J, Snyder S. Assessment of sample preservation techniques for pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and steroids in surface and drinking water. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2011;399(6):2227–2234. Google Scholar

7. American Chemical Society. Reagent chemicals. 9th ed. Washington (DC): American Chemical Society; 2000. Google Scholar

California Code of Regulations, Title 22.2003 (updated 2008). Department of Environmental Health; Division 4, Chapter 3 (including Endnote 5). Google Scholar